考试日期：

2015年8月1日

Reading Passage 1  

Title

Dust and American  环境  旧

Question types:

判断7 题

1.The dust had shot up  dramatically since the second half of 19 century True

2.The Aztec civilization  disappeared due to the dust in the atmospheres False

3.Before people  bringing castles southwest has a lot of basins in great plain False

4. Basins 'number  decrease since European settlers found them are easy to be hunt not given

5. Railway  building used more money than expected not given

6. hand railway  company work hard to protect the land they own False 7. Until today  the land belongs to company still infertile. True

填空 6题

1930s law.  Limit  8 cattle herbs

Today BF research  where the dust comes from

Analysis  components and  9 size  From southwest

BN soil cannot be  destroyed by high  10 wind

Soil can be  destroyed by cattle hooks

Analyzing  11 lake sediments

Discover.  12 nutrients

Dust cannot be blamed for gradual disappearance

of. Snow and 13 glaciers

文章内容

文章大意：

开头主要讲了美国西南沙尘的起源，和起因，以及当地人名所做的反抗和努力。再由这种地址现象的悠久的历史引出所进行的各种各样的调查，以及这种现象对大平原地带的消极和积极的影响，产生的问题，最后讨论应该采取的相关措施来缓解这种影响。

相关背景：

Agriculture is the main reason for those dust storms—the clearing of

native grasslands or sagebrush to grow cotton or wheat, which die

quickly when drought occurs and leave the soil unprotected. Phoenix

and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get

much worse. We may see many such storms in the decades ahead,

with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and

intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the  

Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major

geological and climatic force.

DeBuys is an acclaimed historian turned conservationist in his

adopted home of the Southwest. A Great Aridness is his most  book,

a jeremiad that ought to be required reading for politicians,

economists, real-estate developers and anyone thinking about

migrating to the Sunbelt. In the early chapters he reports on the

science of how and why precipitation and ecology are changing, not

predictably but in nonlinear ways that make the future very uncertain

and dark. In later chapters he visits ancient pueblo ruins left behind

by earlier civilizations that were destroyed by drought, and he

follows the grim trail of migrants crossing the border from Mexico,

stirring up a controversy that climate change can only exacerbate.

The book is an eclectic mix of personal experience, scientific

analysis and environmental history…..

Reading Passage 2  

Title:

Follow your nose 感官&人类行为  旧

Question types:

LOH 5题

14 A.  conflicting views

15 C original  alarm

16 D painful  experience

17 E relieve pain

18 G  great effect when combine more than  more senses

人名配观点 6 题

19 b smell  can be influenced by pictures or verbal

20 a smell  cannot bring sharper memory

21d combine  of two or three senses

22 b smell  cannot isolated from others

23 a smell  is in the same section of memory in the brain

24 c

单选2题

25.it is helpful to those who believe it

26.it can be affected by written and verbal factors

文章内容

文章大意：

先讲了气温疗法的现状，之后是气温与记忆的实验，分别是可以唤起，但不强烈，之后是创伤治疗中的应用，最后是气味由于其受文字语言外貌等影响，发展局限。

相似背景：

A scent associated with a good experience can bring  a rush of joy, while a foul odor or one associated with a bad memory may make  us grimace with disgust. Respondents to the survey noted that many of their  olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations. Such  associations can be powerful enough so that odors that we would generally  label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider  fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals. The perception of  smell, therefore, consists not only of the sensation of the odors themselves,  but of the experiences and emotions associated with them.
 　　 Odors are also essential cues in social  bonding. One respondent to the survey believed that there is no true  emotional bonding without touching and smelling a loved one. In fact, infants  recognize the odors of their mothers soon after birth and adults can often  identify their children or spouses by scent. In one well-known test, women  and men were able to distinguish by smell alone clothing worn by their  marriage partners from similar clothing worn by other people. Most of the  subjects would probably never have given much thought to odor as a cue for  identifying family members before being involved in the test, but as the  experiment revealed, even when not consciously considered, smells register.

文章分析

这篇是人类行为中感官类经典话题，文章类型类似可以参照：

C8TEST2PASSAGE3 ，这篇文章专业性比较强，难度中等，结合相关背景知识，更加有助于理解文章内容和做题。

Reading Passage 3  

Title:

What is meaning？  抽象类 新

Question types:

单选4 题

27 first  paragraph indicates

conventional teaching and responds

28 second paragraph means

dictionary cannot give an exactly definition

29 Louis words means?

A questionable approach cannot  give out the definitions

30 what does personnel manager means?

People  do not share the same value

判断题4 题

31 yes

32 not given

33 yes

34 no

句子配对  6 题

35 comics trip part of education

36 待定

37 BERMAN focus on usage of word

38 flags Shared values

39 a story cannot be understood is  meaningless

40 bill. Social context

文章内容

文章大意：

不同类型的人取决于他受传统教育产生的反应划分，依次提出字典不能给出明确定义，因为他用很多词解释，是一个数学的误解题一样。berm希望用数据证明，但不是所有的词都可以。之后说最终还是要看大众赋予物品的不同意义。

难度分析

本场难度一般，与平常一样，第三篇偏难，话题较新颖，题型搭配出现了句子配对，像LOH和句子配对都属于高耗时低产出的题目，所以大家合理安排好做题时间，做到对三篇阅读全局把控。想取高分的同学要加强对难题的训练，加强熟练度，做到简单题不丢分，难题多得分。