这一篇文章我们说的是剑9 Test 4 Reading Passage 3， The development of museums博物馆的发展。开头段就说了Museums used to look- and some still do- much look like storage rooms of objects packed together in showcases: good for scholars who wanted to study the subtle differences in design, but not for the ordinary visitors, to whom it all looked alike.

过去，博物馆看起来就像是储藏室，里面集中放了包裹好的物品，这对那些想要研究的人来说很有用，但对普通人来说，是这些东西放起来都一样。

博物馆在娱乐方面的作用：

1）Recently, however, attitudes towards history and the way it should be presented have altered. The key word in heritage display is now "experience", the more exciting the better and, if possible, involving all senses. On so-called heritage sites the re-enactment of historical events is increasing popular, and computers will soon provide virtual reality experiences, which will present visitors with a vivid image of the period of their choices, in which they themselves can act as if part of the historical environment. 近来，人们对历史呈现方式的态度有所改变。如今，遗产展览的关键词"体验"，而且越刺激越好，如果可能，还要触动各种感官。在所谓的遗产地，历史事件的重演越来越受到人们的欢迎，电脑也可以提供虚拟的现实体验。参观者选定一个时期，该时期的生动画面就会呈现出来，使参观者身临其境。

2）现在很多博物馆还开设了不同的服务（operas, concerts, lectures and videos）来增加收入（increase income by increasing attendance）

博物馆在教育方面也有一定的作用：

1）illuminate the culture and history, such as British Museum, which provides visitors with all-round knowledge about the world culture and arts, collections in it 阐明文化和历史，让人类了解世界文化和艺术。

trace the development of civilization throughout the history of mankind 追溯人类文明的发展

2）博物馆里收藏了大量物品（house a large collection of selected objects），用于展览，人们不能够触摸（forbid physical contact）。博物馆还提供藏品的历史讲解（provide historic interpretation）

3）博物馆关注当地文化（concentrate on the host region's culture），教育后人（shoulder the responsibility to preserve and carry forward a country's traditional culture）

4）Museum is a place to best represent the meaning of education: to inspire. The key purpose of museums and their related activities promote people's interests and encourage them to learn voluntarily. 博物馆里的展品可以启发人们思考，增加他们的兴趣。

5）博物馆一般注重特定的主题（concentrate on a particular subject, such as ethnology, anthropology），这些对于普通人而言是陌生和枯燥的（unfamiliar, abstract and boring）。

发展博物馆要注意的问题：

However, exhibits must be both based on artifacts and facts as we know them, and attractively presented. Those who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history are thus in a difficult position, as they must steer a narrow course between the demands of evidence and attractiveness, especially given the increasing need in the heritage industry for income- generating market. 但是，展览必须以文物和事实为基础，并将他们以吸引人的方式呈现出来。因此，那些专业从事全是历史这门艺术的人面临着这样的一个困难，他们既要展示出事实，又要满足参观者对于吸引力的要求，并在两者之间找到平衡，特别是考虑到历史遗产对于创收活动不断增长的需求。