List of headings题在雅思阅读考试中属于常见题型之一，对于这种题型的应对，南京环球教育方丹丹老师以实际例子来告诉大家该如何解答。

　　一、LOH 题型介绍

　　1.题型描述

　　headings⊆ ？paragraph

　　题目要求为文章中的段落选择合适的标题，也就是找每个段落的主旨句，即topic sentence。

　　2.考频：中低频考题

　　3.位置：题目在文章前

　　4.选项多余题目，答案不复选

　　5.解题步骤

　　Step 1 删除例句所给的选项

　　Step 2 读题划关键词

　　Step 3 先读文章首一二句，再读尾句，最后快速略读其余句子 自我总结

　　Step 4 筛选匹配选项-确定答案

　　二、结合例题讲解

　　例题示范来源：C7T1P2 Making Every Drop Count(重要)

　　Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs A-H.

　　Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A and C-H from List of headings below

　　例题：15 Paragraph C

　　原文：

　　C Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress, half of the world's population still suffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans. As the United Nations report on access to water reiterated in November 2001, more than one billion lack access to clean drinking water; Some two and half billion do not have adequate sanitation services. Preventable water-related diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day, and the latest evidence suggests that we are falling behind in efforts to solve these problems.

　　例题分析：

　　读首一句发现关于水资源的dark side阴暗面，尾句和中间句中water services inferior，one billion lack access to clean drinking water，do not have adequate sanitation services和water-related diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day等内容分点论述了水资源消极的一面。整个段落处于总分结构，第一句综述观点，第二三两句分述观点。而所述内容都和health相关，对应选项vii The relevance to health，重点去注意一下health属于抽象概括性的词汇，往往属于答案。

　　三、拓展思路解题

　　还有哪些方法帮助解题呢？例如：分析选项(headings)

　　ii An explanation for reduced water use当中降低水资源的使用和 ix A surprising downward trend in demand for water对水资源需求下降趋势，这两个属于相似选项，属于相互关联选项。

　　例题：18 paragraph F

　　19 paragraph G

　　原文：

　　F Fortunately -and unexpectedly - the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some predicted. As a result, the pressure to build new water infrastructures has diminished over the past two decades. Although population, industrial output and economic productivity have continued to soar in developed nations, the rate at which people withdraw water from aquifers, rivers and lakes has slowed. And in a few parts of the world, demand has actually fallen.

　　G What explains this remarkable turn of events? Two factors: people have figured out how to use water more efficiently, and communities are rethinking their priorities for water use. Throughout the first three-quarters of the 20th century, the quantity of freshwater consumed per person doubled on average; in the USA, water withdrawals increased tenfold while the population quadrupled. But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and industry In 1965, for instance, Japan used approximately 13 million gallons of water to produce $1 million of commercial output; by 1989 this had dropped to 3.5 million gallons (even accounting for inflation) - almost a quadrupling of water productivity.

　　例题分析：根据红色字体的信息来看，F段阐述的ix，其中surprising和unexpectedly同义替换词汇；G段解释F段出现的现象的问题，注意two factors, 明显发现段落与段落之间存在承接关系。

　　四、考察难点总结

　　1.注意抓住小标题名词性短语的核心成分

　　2.精读小标题时，注意

　　i）区分相似或相反小标题

　　ii）区分小标题的正负褒贬趋势

　　3.段内存在总分结构，而段与段之间存在承接关系

　　4.注意抽象概括性小标题，往往可能是答案，可以最后选

　　五、题型建议

　　该题型属于概括主旨能力的考察，是不容忽视的题型，对于学生需要课下加强该能力的培养，尤其是学会改写文章段落的主旨意思，加强题目练习量。