很多人都说雅思阅读量大、单词难，我英语基础弱，做题速度慢，怎么破？怎么才好拿高分呢？

　　环球教育雅思阅读老师给大家讲述下阅读得分要领，小谈下“白给分原则”吧。

　　要知道雅思阅读按战略题型分类为5大战略题型。若是题型细分类，则为15种小题型。值得注意的是，每种小题型都有白给分的题。

　　白给分【一】：

　　有一种无序题叫information-containing question，全名：which paragraph contains the following information。

　　这种题考十次其中有7次会出（70%的出题频率）会考“the reference to xx”、“the definition of xx”、“the concept of xx”、“the term of xx”。这种题你只需要找到xx在阅读中第一次出现的段落就好了。因为新鲜事物在原文中出现的第一次时就要给出解释和说明了，所以xx的定义自然就在整片文章第一次出现它的位置喽。

　　见如下题库中原题——

　　题目：27 The definition of phenology。

　　解析：该题在考察phenology的定义，所以只需要在整篇文章中找到phenology第一次出现的那个段落——B段落。自然B就是答案了。

　　原文：

　　B段：Today, such records are being put to uses that their authors could not possibly have expected. These data sets, and others like them, are proving invaluable to ecologists interested in the timing of biological events, or phenology. By combining the records with climate data, researchers can reveal how, for example, changes in temperature affect the arrival of spring, allowing ecologists to make improved predictions about the impact of climate change. A small band of researchers is combing through hundreds of years of records taken by thousands of amateur naturalists. And more systematic projects have also started up, producing an overwhelming response." The amount of interest is almost frightening."says Sparks, a climate researcher at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology in Monks Wood, Cambridgeshire.

　　白给分【二】：

　　Information- containing question 中还会频繁遇见“the cost of xx”，这个时候只需要你找到xx和它的同义词，并且多注意那些有表示time/energy/money概念的阿拉伯数字和百分比。

　　见如下剑桥7第46页题——

　　题目：a cost involved in purifying domestic water.

　　解析：你看，该题核心考点就是cost，定位词为cost和purifying domestic water。

　　切记，所有阅读题中定位词的顺序为名词>动词>形容词，(不排除名词会有词形/词性/同义词替换，但总是比动词或者形容词替换的频率小)。

　　在原文中可以找到很多阿拉伯数字，所以我们初步判定该段为cost的相关段落，仔细观摩之，你可以看到removal of xx from drinking water。为此，我们判定E段就是我们的选项！

　　原文：

　　E段：The costs included: £120m for removal of pesticides; £16m for removal of nitrates; £55m for removal of phosphates and soil; £23m for the removal of the bug cryptosporidium from drinking water by water companies; £125m for damage to wildlife habits, hedgerows and dry stone walls; £1,113m from emissions of gases likely to contribute to climate change; £106m from soil erosion and organic carbon losses; £169m from food poisoning; and £607m from cattle disease. Professor Pretty draws a simple but memorable conclusion from all this: our food bils are actually threefold.

　　We are paying for our supposedly cheaper food in three separate ways: once over the counter, secondly through our taxes, which provide the enormous subsides propping up modern intensive farming, and thirdly to clean up the mess that modern farming leaves behind.

　　其实每个题型中都有白给分的题，在这里就不给大家多列了。但可以给大家算一笔账：先不算15个小类型题，就算你5个大战略题型中，每个战略题型你对1个。那样，你也能在原有的基础上多对5个题，这样算来，你也可以至少稳稳提升0.5分。

　　环球教育老师可以负责任的跟你说，分类题型讲解可以帮你提升0.5分-1分左右。整篇passage练习时，基于五大战略题型搭配，又可帮你提升0.5分-1分左右。故此，只要雅思考生认真备考打下英语基础，配合巧妙的方法雅思阅读提升1分-3分不在话下。