对于绝大多数考生而言，完成议论文正文的论证部分并不容易。他们的作文明显表现出论证单薄、内容空洞等问题。另一方面，写作的评分标准中有两项针对考生论证实力的检测，分别为写作任务的完成度和表达的连贯统一性。南京环球教育老师将通过本文介绍一些雅思写作议论文的主要论证方法以及考生应该如何使用这些方法。

一．对比论证

对比论证的方法，主要适用于考题中出现两个对象比较的情况。从操作性上看，对比论证较为方便。论证对比的角度，只需从考题中的两个对象入手即可。

1. 常见表达方式

①关联词:In contrast, by comparison, on the other hand, just as, similarly

②句型:compared with ; while/whereas...

③形容词的比较级:在不同的考题中，如果出现两个对象的比较，一般在对比论证中都会有一些形容词的比较级出现。考生应根据不同的话题选择不同的词汇。

2.范例评析

剑桥雅思考试全真试题8 Test 2

题目：Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

考官范文选段：

However, learning to understand and share the value system of a whole society cannot be achieved just in the home. Once a child goes to school, they are entering a wider community where teachers and peers will have just as much influence as their parents do at home. At school, children will experience working and living with people from whole variety of backgrounds for the wider society. This experience should teach them how to cooperate with each other and how to contribute to the life of their community.

点评：这道题的主题为“孩子社会意识的教育与培养是靠家庭还是靠学校”。考官在论证学校的教育义务时，着重强调了：相比较家庭，“teachers and peers will have just as much influence as their parents do at home”。学校中的老师和同学对孩子社会意识的培养有相同的影响力。而且，在学校相比较在家，“experience working and living with people from whole variety of backgrounds for the wider society”。孩子接触的世界更大，人的类型更多。正所谓，公正合理两方面，对比论证出真知。