考试日期：

2014年7月12日

Reading Passage 1 (新）

Title:

食品添加剂  （社会问题类）

Question types:

T/F/NG7

摘要填空3

配对题3

部分答案

判断题

题目：

一般来说，人们会根据食物味道决定是否购买第二次。

F：原文中明确指出影响第二次购买的对应关键词不是味道。

人们会通过味道taste判别食物。

F

在美国，很多的食物添加剂实验都会成功。

F：原文说，成功没几个，失败的很多很多，但是一旦成功，一种饮料进入市场后，就会取得巨大影响。

摘要填空：

饮料行业中，很多的味道实验都会最终陷入（）

失败，原词：failure

在（）行业中的食物添加剂高于其他行业

碳酸饮料

一种聚合物（compound）能够模仿的味道价格上远远低于实际使用（）

banana

文章大意

文章从大概5个层面进行分析，人们判断美食的标准

好印象vs再次购买

味道vs气味

真实材料vs添加剂

待补充

美国饮料行业vs添加剂

从人们如何进行二次购买的理由进行切入，其实人们更多时候通过鼻子的气味判定好吃的，而不是舌头。真材实料的价格一定远远高于那些实验室的产品，但是实验室的产品的成功率是非常低的，但就实验室赌的是成功一种，就会回报极大。因此美国的添加剂的发展，是全球这个领域发展的推动力。

推荐阅读

剑桥7-test2-passage2

Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance its taste and appearance. Some additives have been used for centuries; for example, preserving food by pickling (with vinegar), salting, as with bacon, preserving sweets or using sulfur dioxide as in some wines. With the advent of processed foods in the second half of the 20th century, many more additives have been introduced, of both natural and artificial origin.

Reading Passage 2 (新题)

Title:

coastal sculpture（艺术类）

Question types:

标题匹配 5

细节配对 4

选择 4

部分答案

一个积极的描述关于三座雕塑

E:最后一段中采用了让步形式，虽然三座海岸雕塑都有不同的问题。但是还是增添了海岸的多样性。

一个讲话转变了大众对于雕塑的态度

D：D 段的第二个paragraph中，提到了一个expert的一个presentation, reverse the attitude of others.就是转变了不同意的人多观点。

那一座岛的游客fewer than that of used to be

待回忆

细节配对题干

岛的形状来自一个英雄任务

Moe Status

哪一个雕塑能够让人在所有的角度都可以看到的

Moe Status

哪一个段落，出现了对于资助当代艺术的misunderstanding

antony figure:三个平行雕塑内容，唯一提到了涉及到百姓花钱资助的只有这个

选择题干

关键词：lost church status是模仿建筑的

答案：后来重建的。原文：依照中世纪的一个教堂。

文章大意

文章一共聊了3座海岸边的知名雕塑的来源与现况，并上升到，认为此种也是当代艺术的代表，丰富了艺术结构。

1 Antony STATUS

2 Moe STATUS

3 Lost Church STATUS

文章由法国的海岸边雕塑引入到世界范围，最后又落回到英国的这三座。

补充阅读

推荐阅读

Reading Passage 3 (新题)

Title:

global warming in New Zealand (环境类)

Question types:

选择 6

句子配对 3

判断（YNNG）5

部分答案

选择题：

New Zealand的因为全球变暖而导致温度升高的意义

D

新西兰最后会不会受到全球变暖的影响

A

句子匹配

最终全球变暖对于新西兰的影响体现在具体的层面，就是（）

选项关键词：农业是否影响

原文对应：农民和耕地

新西兰遭到灾难，部分领域会遭到重大损失damage()

选项关键词：coast land

原文对应：coastal line

判断题

大自然遭受自然灾害后的应变能力远远低于人类

Y:自然灾害后，自然在次恢复的时间很慢，相比人类的对于遭到灾难打击时候的反应，是不适应。

新西兰遭到灾难后，可能会讲部分生产活动移到更高纬度上。

Y:

新西兰如果收到全球变暖影响，形成了干旱和涝地，那么会向南走。

N：南部靠近南极，南极融冰会发生融化，南边会先被淹没。

文章大意

推荐阅读

剑桥7-test3-passage3

Global warming is the unequivocal and continuing rise in the average temperature of Earth's climate system.[2] Since 1971, 90% of the warming has occurred in the oceans.[3] Despite the oceans' dominant role in energy storage, the term "global warming" is also used to refer to increases in average temperature of the air and sea at Earth's surface.[4] Since the early 20th century, the global air and sea surface temperature has increased about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980.[5] Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer at the Earth's surface than any preceding decade since 1850.[6]

Scientific understanding of the cause of global warming has been increasing. In its fourth assessment (AR4 2007) of the relevant scientific literature, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that scientists were more than 90% certain that most of global warming was being caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities.[7][8][9] In 2010 that finding was recognized by the national science academies of all major industrialized nations.[10][A] Affirming these findings in 2013, the IPCC stated that the largest driver of global warming is carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion, cement production, and land use changes such as deforestation.[11] Its 2013 report states

Human influence has been detected in warming of the atmosphere and the ocean, in changes in the global water cycle, in reductions in snow and ice, in global mean sea level rise, and in changes in some climate extremes. This evidence for human influence has grown since AR4. It is extremely likely (95-100%) that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century. - IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers[12]

Climate model projections were summarized in the 2013 Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). They indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest.[13] The ranges of these estimates arise from the use of models with differing sensitivity to greenhouse gas concentrations.[14][15]

Future climate change and associated impacts will vary from region to region around the globe.[16][17] The effects of an increase in global temperature include a rise in sea levels and a change in the amount and pattern of precipitation, as well as a probable expansion of subtropical deserts.[18] Warming is expected to be strongest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely effects of the warming include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts and heavy rainfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the loss of habitat from inundation.[19][20]

Proposed policy responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),[21] whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic (i.e., human-induced) climate change.[22] Parties to the UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions[23][24][25][26] and to assist in adaptation to global warming.[23][26][27][28] Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required,[29] and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.[29][B] Reports published in 2011 by the United Nations Environment Programme[30] and the International Energy Agency[31] suggest that efforts as of the early 21st century to reduce emissions may be inadequate to meet the UNFCCC's 2 °C target.

Emissions of greenhouse gases grew 2.2% per year between 2000 and 2010, compared with 1.3% per year from 1970 to 2000.[32]

难度分析

本场雅思阅读考试作为2014年下半年7月的第二场考试而言，难度不低。

1.从话题来看，本场考试涉及到社会问题，环境，艺术类，环境类的考题一直是雅思阅读的高频考题，所涉及的词汇在几篇剑桥真题文章中均有涉及，艺术类是一个冷门，涉及的词汇可能有同学会比较困难。需要平时多积累。

2.从考试题型来看，涉及到摘要填空，是非无判断，段落细节信息匹配，单选和句子配对。其中判断题和摘要填空所占比重较大。判断题是比较难的题型，而摘要填空是比较基础的题型，做题时一定要，依据原文，通过课堂讲的定位词，关键词定位，同义替换等技巧，准确答题。