来源:环球教育整理
小编:孔菲 5762)细节。阅读文章中的细节包括:举例、数字、原因、比较、反复出现的单词(生词,专有名词)等。
练习
A recent study reveals that people especially young people are reading far less literature - novels, plays, and poems - than they used to. This is troubling because the trend has unfortunate effects for the reading public, for culture in general, and for the future of literature itself.
While there has been a decline in book reading generally, the decline has been especially sharp for literature. This is unfortunate because nothing else provides the intellectual stimulation that literature does. Literature encourages us to exercise our imaginations, empathize with others, and expand our understanding of language. So, by reading less literature, the reading public is missing out on important benefits.
Unfortunately, missing out on the benefits of literature is not the only problem. What are people reading instead? Consider the prevalence of self-help books on lists of best seller. These are usually superficial poorly written, and intellectually undemanding. Additionally, instead of sitting down with a challenging novel, many persons are now more likely to turn on the television, watch a music video, or read a Web page. Clearly, diverting time previously spent in reading literature to trivial forms of entertainment has lowered the level of culture in general.
The trend of reading less literature is all the more regrettable because it is taking place during a period when good literature is being written. There are many talented writers today, but they lack an audience. This fact is bound to lead publishers to invest less in literature and so support fewer serious writers. Thus, the writing as well as the reading of literature is likely to decline because of the poor standards of today's readers。
观点
分论点
论据
细节
2.记阅读笔记
(1)建议用一张草稿纸来为托福写作部分记笔记。
将草稿纸对折,阅读文章的时候把阅读笔记写在草稿纸的左侧:在听讲座录音的时候,把听讲座录音的时候,把听力笔记对应地写在草稿纸的右侧。
(2)将阅读文章的观点简短明了地写在左侧第一行
(3)概括阅读文章三个分论点的核心词且每个分论点之间留出足够的距离。
(4)时间充裕的条件下,把重要论据的核心词、细节补充至笔记中。
online:×less valuable记阅读笔记有很多所谓的 "原则" ,比如这里的
"习惯原则" 一一有些考生习惯用符号 ,如用× 来表示 " 不好" ,有些考生习惯用 文字 ,如将× 换成 " 有问题 " 或 " has many problems '' 。
时间充裕的话,补充 " traditional :好" ,明确阅 读文章的比较对象 。
1. online lack 学术性阅读笔记使用英文还是中文 ?
一 online: inaccurate
"方便原则" 是记阅读笔记的又一原则 。如在这 里,对大多数考生来说 ,写 "学术性"肯定比写 credentials方便。
一 traditional : experts
时间充裕话 ,可以补充academic rigor等细节。
2.delete information
不需要将fabricate, delete, corrupt三个动词都写 上,阅读笔记同时要遵循 " 简洁原则" ,因为阅 读文章的时间非常有限 。
--hackers
不需要讲unscrupulous users, vandals , hackers
-- traditional : info 难改
记阅读笔记的第四个原则 ,即 H 还原原则 里的imformation缩写为 info既节约了时间,又易被还原为 information,并不影响理解 。但如若将 information改成in,当再次使用阅读笔记时 ,就 可能因为很难将in还原为 information而产生理解 上的障碍。因此,在记阅读笔记的过程中 ,应该 使用 " 易被还原" 的缩写
2.trivial and popular topics
-- importance: false impression
-- traditional : a considered view;
在时间充裕的条件 下,先补充论据 .再补充细节
TPO11综合写作阅读文章
阅读文章 阅读笔记
3.预测听力内容
一边阅读文章或者记阅读笔记,一边对相应的听力内容进行预测。
"学霸" 对TP0 6综合写作昕力的预测
online:×less valuable因为讲座和阅读文章之间大多是 " 反驳型" 关系,所
以讲座的观点要么辩驳说网络百科全书是有 价值的, 要么强调传统百科全书也有很多的问题 。
1. online lack 学术性1. 网络百科全书具有学术 性 (或者传统百科全书也没
有学术性 〉。
一 online: inaccurate网络百科全书是准确的 (传统百科全书也是不准确的 ) 。
一 traditional : experts网络百科全书也由专家编篡 (传统百科全书并非都由 专家编篡) 。
2. delete information2. 网络百科全书的信息并非可以被 轻易改变 ( 传统百
科全书的信息也会被改变 )。
- hackers网络百科全书通过一定的方法可以避免黑客的侵袭 。
一 traditional : info 难改传统百科全书的信息并非 "难以改变 " ( 网络百科全
书的信息一定可以通过某些特定的方 法得以保护〉。
3. trivial and popular topics3. 网络百科全书不仅关注琐碎的和流行的话题 ( 传统
百科全书也只关心琐碎的和流行的话题 ) 。
一 importance: false impression网络百科全书关注范围十分广泛 ,因此读者不会遇到
难以区分信息重要性的问题 (传统百科全书也会遇到 难以区分信息重要性的问题〉 。
一 traditional: a considered view; online
网络百科全书对所选话题也是经过思考的 (传统百科. 全书对所选话题 未必经过思考 〉 。