雅思考试分为听口阅写四科，其中阅读主要考察准确定位,检索信息和同意替换的能力，是传统的输入过程。而写作重点考察，从官方来说，主要是TR/TA（任务回应/完成）、CC（一致性和连贯性）、LR（词汇资源）、GRA（语法范围和准确度），其实也就是考察学生能否恰当地运用语言表明或者论证自己的观点，或者提供有效的解决方案，是输出的过程。

　　但是每个话题的背景，词汇范围都是有限的，因此可以相互借鉴。俗语说，七分读，三分写。读的多了，自然才有词可用，言之有据。

　　今天南京环球教育（原环球教育）卞莉婷老师就以Cambridge 7 Test1 Passage2 （Making Every Drop Count）为例，如何运用阅读文章的小词，句式来遣词造句。

　　一、阅写句式

　　1.What explains this remarkable events? Two factors: people have figured out how to use

　　water more efficiently, and communities are rethinking their priorities for water use.

　　设问句，引导下文，提出解决方案或者办法，引发读者的思考。

　　2.The consequences of our water policies extend beyond jeopardizing human health。

　　extend beyond 这里其实意译为远非，即不仅仅，是个很好用的承上连接词，可用于雅思作文多个因素并列时。

　　3.Yet, there is a dark side to this picture: despite our process, half of the world's population still suffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans.

　　转折句，先优点后转缺点。

　　4.And disputes over shared water resources had led to violence and continue to raise local, national and even international tensions.

　　We are falling behind in efforts to solve these problems。

　　我们解决上述问题的力度还远远不够。

　　local, national, International 初级词汇，搭配起来却循序渐进，显示出逻辑性。fall behind和effort 基础5分难度词汇，解决问题型文章可以套用。写作未必总用高级词汇，对于基础薄弱的同学先学会如何小词合理搭配，更加有利于短期提高水平，

　　二、阅写段落

　　Throughout the first three -quarters of the 20th century, the quantity of fresh water consumed per person doubled on average; in the USA, water withdrawals increased tenfold while the population quadrupled. But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and industry. In 1965,for instance ,Japan use approximately 13 million gallons of water produce ﹩1 million of commercial output; by 1989 this had dropped to 3.5 million gallons (even accounting for inflation)--- almost a quadrupling of water productivity. In the USA, water withdrawals has fallen by more than 20% from their peak in 1980.

　　小作文数据图表题表示数据变化趋势，上升、下降（尤其是成倍）可以借鉴。

　　基本词组：

　　1.两倍 twice as….as/double on average

　　2.三倍 triple/three times as…as

　　3.四倍 quadruple

　　4.drop to 下降到（可加程度副词noticeably，considerably，sharply，dramatically, slightly等）

　　5.fall by more than 下降了（超过）…..

　　6.account for 占据(represent, constitute)

　　基本句式：

　　By 1989 this had dropped to 3.5 million gallons (even accounting for inflation)--- almost a quadrupling of water productivity. In the USA, water withdrawals has fallen by more than 20% from their peak in 1980.

　　括号内容进一步解释，可以借鉴说明具体客观数据，使句子结构主次清晰，简洁精练，重点突出。

　　例如：

　　1.The location was also a significant consideration and the percentage of students who had paid attention to this did not change remarkably (16% in 2002 and 19% in 1982 respectively)

　　2.The total number of sales for the month was 3134 (1474 to college students, 1051 to book club members, 405 to the staff and 204 to the public).

　　3.The table illustrates the differences in agricultural consumption in some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land Brazil (26500km2) with that in the D.R.C. (100 km2).

　　4.Heating rooms and water accounts for the highest proportion (52.2%) of the total amount of electricity used, while the running of ovens, kettles and washing machines constitutes 17.5% of the total consumption of electricity.

　　破折号起补充说明作用，一般可借鉴改成逗号形式，描述多组数据的横向纵向比较关系或者单组数据的变化趋势等信息。

　　例如：

　　1.They were also more concerned with the reputation of the university, with one quarter of respondents rating this highly in 2002, in contrast to only 5% in 1982.

　　2.The percentage of students who valued the access to amenities and sports facilities more than tripled from 5% to 18% in 2002, by which time this factor had become the third most common reason for choosing a university.

　　3.The system in Paris has the second largest number of passengers, at 1191 million passengers per year.

　　4.The waste output of Korea, in contrast, showed a marked decrease to 19 million in 2000, with no figure provided for the year 1980.

　　这是浅析阅读文章词句对于雅思写作的初步应用，希望对“烤鸭”有帮助。

　　其实，从话题角度，阅读可以给我们提供非常丰富的逻辑思路，论证素材和新颖观点。希望广大“烤鸭”刷题时也能以阅读材料为蓝本，多留意地道性表达或者句式，模仿练习，养成阅写结合的好习惯。